A student who has violated their immigration status and whose status was terminated as a result of that violation may be reinstated to lawful F-1 status at the discretion of USCIS. USCIS may consider reinstating an F-1 student who makes a request for reinstatement on Form I-539 accompanied by a properly completed Form I-20 indicating the Designated School Official (DSO)’s recommendation for reinstatement.
F-1 students are required to maintain status by following the rules of their non-immigrant status. To learn more about the F1 student visa requirements please visit this page, Maintaining F1 Status
USCIS may consider granting the request if the student:
- Has not been out of status for more than 5 months at the time of filing the request for reinstatement (or demonstrates that the failure to file within the 5 month period was the result of exceptional circumstances and that the student filed the request for reinstatement as promptly as possible under these exceptional circumstances).
- Does not have a record of repeated or willful violations of Service regulations;
- Is currently pursuing, or intending to pursue, a full course of study in the immediate future at the school which issued the form I-20;
- Has not engaged in unauthorized employment; and
- Is not deportable on any ground other than section 237(a)(1)(B) or (C)(i) of the Act; and
- Establishes to the satisfaction of the Service by a detailed showing, either that:
- The violation of status resulted from circumstances beyond the student’s control. Such circumstances might include serious injury or illness, closure of the institution, a natural disaster; or
- The violation related to a reduction in the student’s course load that would have been within a DSO’s power to authorize and that failure to approve reinstatement would result in extreme hardship to the student.
If you have violated your F-1 status it is in your best interest to request a reinstatement of your F-1 status as soon as possible.
Students who are out of status:
- Are not eligible to work.
- May be contacted by Homeland Security agents.
- May be subject to deportation.
- Are not prohibited from enrolling due to their immigration status
How to Return to Status
There are two methods for correcting a terminated F-1 record. You may also want to consult with an immigration attorney to see which of these are the best option for your situation:
- Apply for reinstatement within the United States through USCIS.
- Departing the U.S. to Regain F1 Status
Both methods have benefits and risks, so it’s important to seek advice from an international student adviser. You can send an email to viduke@saumag.edu
Option 1: Applying for Reinstatement
Eligibility
You are eligible for reinstatement by petition if you meet the ALL of following conditions:
- You are in the United States and have violated your F-1 status due to circumstances beyond your control (i.e. serious illness, failure to file a program extension in time, or for a failure to apply in a timely fashion for a reduced course load authorization.)
- The violation did not occur more than five months ago.
- You have not engaged in unauthorized employment.
Applying Outside of the 5-month Period:
If you have been out of status for more than 5 months, you must submit proof that you have paid the $350 SEVIS Fee. You may also be required to pay the fee again.
Application Process
To apply for reinstatement, students need to:
- Request a reinstatement I-20
- Gather application documents
- Schedule an appointment with the International Student Services Office to review your application
- Mail the reinstatement application package to USCIS*
- Continue to maintain your status
*USCIS MUST receive your reinstatement application package within 30 days of the reinstatement I-20 creation.
Apply to Get a New I-20
You will need a new I-20 for the purposes of reinstatement. You must send a copy of this I-20 with your reinstatement application. To request an I-20, you will need to complete the Reinstatement Request form with supporting documents.
Documents to submit with this request:
Current Student
- Reinstatement Request Statement of Understanding
- Affidavit of Support form.
- Current financial support documentation to cover tuition and living expenses.
Former Student (missed at least one semester)
- Reinstatement Request Statement of Understanding
- Attach an acceptance letter. You will need to reapply for admission.
- Affidavit of Support form.
- Current financial support documentation to cover tuition and living expenses.
Application Documents
The following documents need to be gathered for your application
- Form I-539 should be completed and printed unless you are filing online.
- A letter to the USCIS requesting reinstatement. Reinstatement Letter Sample It needs to explain why you fell out of status and why the circumstances were beyond your control. It should include the following:
- You are currently pursuing a full course of study.
- You have not worked without authorization.
- You are not deportable on any grounds except failure to maintain your student status.
- Going out of status was beyond your control and the failure to receive reinstatement to lawful F-1 status would result in extreme hardship to you.
- Money order or bank check payable to Department of Homeland of Security for $350.00 to pay for the SEVIS I-901 fee, if required, and print the receipt.
- Proof of financial support. This can include bank letters or statements. A letter from your sponsor is also helpful.
- Original I-94 card
- Copies of your passport and visa
- Copies of all of your I-20s previously issued to you. If you have been issued an EAD card include copies of the front and back of the card.
- Copy of your new Reinstatement I-20.
- DSO Letter- This will be written during your advisor appointment.
- If you have F2 dependents, you must also include them in the application since a violation of your F-1 status affects your dependent family members as well.
Mailing your Application
It is recommended that you write “ I-539 Reinstatement Application” on the outside of the envelope and make a copy of this application for your own record. You might want to consider sending your application by express mail.
Mail your reinstatement application documents to the regional USCIS office:
For U.S. Postal Service (USPS):
- USCIS
P.O. Box 660166
Dallas, TX 75266
For FedEx, UPS, and DHL deliveries:
- USCIS
ATTN: I-539
2501 S. State Highway 121 Business
Suite 400
Lewisville, TX 75067
Application Timeline
Applying for reinstatement is a lengthy process and this accumulation of time is something students need to consider when deciding if reinstatement is right for their situation. Please see the section below about unlawful presence.
Stages of the reinstatement process
- Assemble the required documents and mail to USCIS. USCIS must receive the application within 30 days of the Reinstatement I-20 issue date.
- USCIS will mail a receipt 2-3 weeks after receiving your application. ISSO staff will send an email to your SAU email address when the receipt is received if you use our address.
- Continue to enroll as a full-time student while you wait for the USCIS decision. You must not leave the U.S. while the petition is pending or your request could be canceled by USCIS.
- USCIS may send a Request for Evidence (RFE) during the process. An RFE is a letter detailing documentation USCIS needs to review your case.
- USCIS processing times vary widely. Common wait time is 9 to 12 months after submission. ISSO staff will send an email to your SAU email address when USCIS makes a decision, but they will also send a letter detailing their decision.
USCIS Decision
Reinstatement Approved
- you may start/resume on-campus employment.
- If you have been full-time enrolled at least one academic year prior to the violation you are eligible for CPT.
Reinstatement Denial
Reinstatement denial has several important consequences:
- The visa that the student used to enter the United States is automatically canceled;
- The student is permanently limited to applying for nonimmigrant visas in the future only in his or her country of citizenship or permanent residence;
- The student will begin (or resume) accumulating days of “unlawful presence”. Please read our section below about unlawful presence.
- If the student departs the United States after accumulating more than 180 days of unlawful presence, he or she will be barred from returning to the United States for three years
- If the student departs the United States after accumulating more than one year of unlawful presence, he or she will be barred from returning to the United States for ten years.
Students who have filed for reinstatement should:
- Follow the rules for maintaining status, such as continued enrollment
- NOT travel outside the U.S.
- NOT be employed on or off campus while the reinstatement application is being processed.
Option 2: Departing the U.S. to Regain F1 Status
You can reinstate your F-1 status by departing the U.S. with a new initial I-20 and applying for a new F-1 visa at a U.S. consulate. This can be a risky option, but in some cases this may be the more appropriate option for students. It is advised to consult an immigration attorney prior to taking this option.
Eligibility
You are eligible to return to SAU on a new I-20 if ALL of the following meet the conditions:
- No academic or financial holds preventing you from enrolling if you wish to return to SAU.
- Can show sufficient proof of funds to obtain a new Form I-20.
- You are not inadmissible for any other reason, such as a criminal conviction.
Apply to get a New I-20
- To receive a new I-20 you will need to submit a new admissions application for the semester you wish you return to SAU.
Regaining Status through Travel Process
The process is as follows:
- Consult an ISS advisor before starting this process.
- Receive your new I-20, it may be best to depart the US before receiving your I-20. Your new I-20 can be mailed to you. Once you receive your I-20 you are basically starting your F1 visa process over again.
- Pay the $350.00 I-901 SEVIS fee, fmjfee.com
- Make an appointment at a U.S. consulate or embassy. Take the regular supporting documents you would usually take with you to a visa appointment.
- If approved, re-enter the U.S. in a new F-1 status within 30 days of the program start date.
- Make sure you reenter using your new I-20 and visa.
- Request to have it stamped at the port of entry.
- When you arrive back at SAU, you must set an appointment with our office
- Bring your new stamped I-20 and F-1 visa
Because this is a new status you must be enrolled for two long semesters before becoming eligible for off-campus employment, even if you already met this requirement prior to the violation.
What is Unlawful Presence & How It is Determined
Unlawful presence for an F1 student is the time spent after committing an act that violates their status. Effective August 9, 2018, USCIS changed its policy on how an immigration status violation might lead an F student being subject to the 3- or 10-year reentry bar.
Under the new policy, USCIS will start counting days of unlawful presence the day after an F status violation occurs, unless the student is covered by an exception to the unlawful presence counting rules.
Failed to maintain F1 status before August 9, 2018
Failed to maintain F1 status after August 9, 2018
- The day after they no longer pursue the course of study, the authorized activity, or the day after they engage in an unauthorized activity;
- The day after completing the course of study or program, including any authorized practical training plus any authorized grace period.
Consequences of Unlawful Presence
The amount of unlawful presence F1 students have accumulated will determine the length of time they may be barred from reenter the US:
- 3 years, if you depart the United States after having accumulated more than 180 days but less than 1 year of unlawful presence during a single stay and before the start of removal proceedings
- 10 years, if you depart the United States after having accumulated one year or more of unlawful presence during a single stay, regardless of whether you leave before, during, or after removal proceedings; or
- Permanently, if you reenter or try to reenter the United States without being admitted or paroled after having accumulated more than one year of unlawful presence in addition to one or more stays in the United States.
Reinstatement and Unlawful Presence
Timely filing for reinstatement within 5 months of violation
- Reinstatement Approved: If USCIS approves reinstatement, the entire count of unlawful presence arising from the status violation that was the subject of the reinstatement application is “erased”.
- Reinstatement Denied: If USCIS denies an application for reinstatement that was filed within 5 months of the status violation, the count of unlawful presence will resume the day after the application is denied. The count will continue until the individual departs the US.
Filing for reinstatement more than 5 months after the violation
- Reinstatement Approved: If USCIS approves reinstatement, the entire count of unlawful presence arising from the status violation that was the subject of the reinstatement application is “erased”.
- Reinstatement Denied: If USCIS denies an application for reinstatement that was filed more than 5 months after the status violation, unlawful presence is not tolled while the reinstatement application is pending, and unlawful presence will be calculated from the day after the status violation, not the day after the reinstatement denial.
