1. What was the goal of Realist Painting?

2. How were the goals of Realist painting met in Artwork X?

3. What were some of the upheld standards of 19th c. French Academic painting?

4. How does Artwork X by William A. Bouguereau embody the aesthetics of the mid 19th c. Academic Style?

5. How does Cabanel's "Birth of Venus" embody the aesthetics of the mid 19th c. Academic Style?

6. Explain how Millet's version of Realism was different from that of Courbet?

7. Identify the attributes of Millet's Realistic painting style as seen in his "The Gleaners."

8. What was the Barbizon School? What were its aims?

9. Identify the attributes of Courbet's Realistic painting style as seen in his "The Stonebreakers."

10. Give an example of a Realist painting that makes a subtle social commentary and explain how it does this.

11. What, for Courbet, was the significance of his "The Interior of My Studio?"

12. What was considered "crude" about Courbet's "Burial at Ornans?"

13. What is Realist about Courbet's treatment of the funeral procession in "Burial at Ornans?"

14. Why did Daumier prefer the medium of lithography over painting? How did it better suit his needs?

15. What are some advantages of lithography over straight drawing or painting? Over other printing techniques?

16. Why did Daumier paint "Interior of a Third Class Carriage?"

17. What were the differences in the approach to landscape painting by French Rococo painter Claude Lorrain and American Barbizon painter George Inness?

18. How is Winslow Homer's "Snap the Whip" related to the work of the American Romantic painters?

19. What qualities classify Homer as a sort of transitional figure between Realism and Impressionism?

20. How is Eakins' "The Gross Clinic" a capturing of the moment--a "slice of life" that quickly passes?

21. How does Henry O. Tanner tackle stereotypes of Blacks in his "The Banjo Lesson?"

22. What was the Salon de Refuseé?

23. Why was Manet's "Dejeuner sur l'Herbe" considered by many critics to be a slap in the face of Academic Painting?

24. What aspects of Manet's "Dejeuner sur l'Herbe " made it scandalous?

25. What were the scanalous attributes of Édouard Manet's "Olympia?"

26. Discuss the differences between Manet's "Olympia" and Titian's "Venus of Urbino."

27. What are some of the characteristic attributes of Manet visibile in his "Artwork X?"

28. What elements of modern skyscrapers was gleaned from the Eiffel Tower?

29. What is the architectural signifcance of Louis Sullivan's "Wainright Building?"

30. What goal of William Morris caused him to forsake the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood in favor of Enlands so called "Arts and Crafts" movement? What was ironic about the final result of this switch?

31. What is the significance of Joseph Paxton's "Crystal Palace"?